Meilleurs environnements de bureau Linux

There is a wide variety of Linux desktop environments available, which makes choosing one difficult, particularly if you are just getting started with this open source operating system. Let’s start by saying that a desktop environment is a selection of toolkits, modules and applications, as well as libraries that ensure the functionality and visibility of the desktop on the screen. It also allows you to interact with the system. The desktop environment comes with components such as icons, toolbars, panel, widgets, wallpaper and screensaver. It also comes with a basic selection of applications that include media player, image viewer, text editor and more. With Linux, you are not subject to limitations in terms of the desktop environment that you have to use. If preferred, you can install a different desktop environment instead of settling for the default option.

KDE

KDE existe depuis un certain temps. Son développement a commencé il y a plus de 20 ans et la première version a été publiée en 1998. Cet environnement basé sur le framework Qt peut être facilement personnalisé et de nombreuses distributions Linux, telles que Linux Mint, Fedora et openSUSE, le proposent comme environnement de bureau par défaut. Bien que le grand nombre d'options que KDE prend en charge puisse être écrasant pour ceux qui débutent, KDE est idéal pour ceux qui aiment modifier de nombreux paramètres. Sa compilation logicielle comprend de nombreuses options, notamment Quassel, Dolphin, KMail et Okular. Si vous souhaitez disposer de nombreuses options de personnalisation et mieux contrôler votre système, KDE est le choix idéal.

GNOME

Originally released in 1999, GNOME is another leading option when it comes to desktop environments for Linux. GNOME uses the GTK toolkit and it is focused on simplicity and it offers a classic desktop experience without confusing you with too many options. In recent years, the traditional version was replaced by GNOME Shell. Since this change wasn’t welcome by everyone, there is also an option known as GNOME 2, which is based in the original. Nowadays, you can get GNOME 3, which features a Classic Mode that will be enjoyed by those who like GNOME 2. The main feature is GNOME Shell. There is a practical Activities Overview where it is possible to see all your tasks, notifications and apps at once.

Trinité

Just like MATE is based on GNOME, Trinity is a solution that is based on KDE. It is a follow up to the KDE 3 series. This forked desktop environment works with older hardware and it is very customizable, in the same way as the old KDE 3. That being said, Trinity is more than a copy or a version of KDE 3. This standalone desktop environment offers features that are not the same as those offered by KDE. For instance, Trinity doesn;t come with Activities or the semantic desktop component that has file indexing, PIM and search, such as the Nepomuk, Strigi-Akonadi service that many KDE users disable just like the install KDE. Instead, it comes with a fantastic list of applications that include ShowFoto, a photo editor and viewer and Konqueror, which is a file manager and web browser. It is perfect for those who like KDE 3’s look but who want a lighter version.

XFCE

Il fait partie de l'environnement de bureau Linux depuis un certain temps. Il a été publié à l'origine en 1996 et il s'agit d'une option légère qui comprend la mosaïque de fenêtres et le mode de prévisualisation. Il convient parfaitement aux débutants qui souhaitent un environnement de bureau facile à entretenir. Grâce aux boîtes de dialogue utiles, il est possible de le personnaliser sans problème. Le bureau par défaut comporte un panneau, ainsi qu'un dock et quelques icônes. Cela vous donne une interface familière pour les utilisateurs qui n'ont jamais utilisé Linux auparavant. Tout comme les autres environnements de bureau majeurs, XFCE est livré avec sa propre sélection d'applications. Il existe un gestionnaire de fichiers appelé Thunar, un éditeur de texte appelé Leafpad, un lecteur multimédia appelé Parole, un navigateur web appelé Midori et Ristretto, qui est une visionneuse d'images.

MATE

MATE can be seen as a new version of GNOME 2 and it keeps the look and appearance of the old desktop environment and at the same time, it provides software updates and interface improvements. It works well with old hardware since it doesn’t need compositing. It is also perfect for low-end computers. It was originally introduced in 2011 and it also offers some of the GNOME applications. MATE is supported by many major Linux distributions such as Linux Mint, Debian, Mageia, Ubuntu and PCLinuxOS. The applications that come with MATE are Pluma, which is a text editor, Eye of MATE, an image viewer, Caja, which is a file manager and Atril, which is a document viewer. MATE is lightweight and simple so if you don’t need or want advanced features or you are just getting started with Linux, it is a convenient choice.