{"id":12973,"date":"2016-10-14T23:36:45","date_gmt":"2016-10-15T03:36:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/aptgadget.com\/?p=12973"},"modified":"2016-10-15T12:12:42","modified_gmt":"2016-10-15T16:12:42","slug":"brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/fr\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/","title":{"rendered":"Un implant c\u00e9r\u00e9bral permet \u00e0 un homme paralys\u00e9 de retrouver le sens du toucher"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e par des chercheurs de l'universit\u00e9 de Pittsburgh a montr\u00e9 des progr\u00e8s incroyables dans la restauration du sens du toucher chez les personnes paralys\u00e9es. Lorsque le syst\u00e8me nerveux est endommag\u00e9 au bon endroit, une personne perd la capacit\u00e9 de contr\u00f4ler une grande partie de son corps. Le syst\u00e8me nerveux est normalement responsable de la transmission des signaux et lorsqu'il est endommag\u00e9, la personne reste paralys\u00e9e bien que le cerveau soit enti\u00e8rement fonctionnel. Les scientifiques ont exp\u00e9riment\u00e9 des moyens de remplacer les signaux manquants par des signaux artificiels. Dans le cadre d'une recherche men\u00e9e \u00e0 l'universit\u00e9 de Pittsburgh, des m\u00e9decins ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 utiliser un implant c\u00e9r\u00e9bral pour rendre le sens du toucher \u00e0 un homme paralys\u00e9. La seule diff\u00e9rence est qu'il sent d\u00e9sormais avec une main robotis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Nathan Copeland, le sujet de l'\u00e9tude, a perdu toute sensation \u00e0 partir du bras lorsqu'il a \u00e9t\u00e9 impliqu\u00e9 dans un accident de voiture il y a 12 ans. Son cerveau est rest\u00e9 en parfaite sant\u00e9, mais les nerfs qui transmettent les signaux vers et depuis le reste de son corps ont \u00e9t\u00e9 endommag\u00e9s. Les m\u00e9decins ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 placer des \u00e9lectrodes \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur du cerveau de Copeland, cr\u00e9ant ainsi un nouveau chemin pour les impulsions \u00e9lectriques associ\u00e9es au sens du toucher. Cette exp\u00e9rience a \u00e9t\u00e9 sensationnelle, car avant tout <a href=\"http:\/\/www.livescience.com\/43125-man-gets-first-bionic-hand-that-feels.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tentatives de r\u00e9tablissement des sensations tactiles <\/a>Les implants c\u00e9r\u00e9braux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans le cadre d'exp\u00e9riences sur des animaux ou ont utilis\u00e9 de tr\u00e8s grandes \u00e9lectrodes lors d'op\u00e9rations existantes.<\/p>\n<p>Des recherches ant\u00e9rieures ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 prouv\u00e9 qu'il \u00e9tait possible de donner \u00e0 des personnes le contr\u00f4le d'un bras robotis\u00e9 par l'interm\u00e9diaire d'une liaison directe avec le cerveau. Cependant, en l'absence de sens du toucher, l'utilisation du membre robotis\u00e9 exige que l'utilisateur garde un \u0153il attentif lorsqu'il se d\u00e9place et essaie de ramasser des objets. En utilisant un bras humain biologique standard, les utilisateurs peuvent sentir quand le bout de leurs doigts entre en contact avec l'objet qu'ils veulent saisir et savoir quelle pression ils exercent sur lui.<\/p>\n<p>Pour rendre possible le sens du toucher \u00e0 l'aide d'un bras robotis\u00e9, les chercheurs ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 surveiller le cerveau de Copeland \u00e0 l'aide d'une technique non invasive appel\u00e9e magn\u00e9toenc\u00e9phalographie. L'hypoth\u00e8se \u00e9mise \u00e9tait que certaines zones du cerveau pr\u00e9sentaient un pic d'activit\u00e9 au moment o\u00f9 ces m\u00eames zones \u00e9taient cens\u00e9es s'illuminer lorsqu'il touchait quelque chose avec ses mains. C'est dans cette zone que les chercheurs ont implant\u00e9 les \u00e9lectrodes dans le cerveau de Copeland. Chaque fois qu'une impulsion \u00e9lectrique est envoy\u00e9e dans son cerveau par les \u00e9lectrodes, Copeland \u00e9prouve la m\u00eame sensation que lorsqu'il touche quelque chose avec ses mains.<\/p>\n<p>Tout au long de l'\u00e9tude, les scientifiques ont d\u00e9couvert que l'implant c\u00e9r\u00e9bral provoquait des sensations naturelles de chaleur et de pression dans les mains de Copeland. En outre, ils ont \u00e9tabli qu'il avait l'impression que la sensation provenait de la partie sup\u00e9rieure de sa paume et de la base des quatre doigts de sa main droite.<\/p>\n<p>Pour l'instant, il s'agit d'une excellente preuve de concept. Les machines et les membres de surveillance sont encore trop chers et trop encombrants pour \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9s dans la vie des gens. L'implantation des \u00e9lectrodes n\u00e9cessite \u00e9galement une intervention chirurgicale au niveau du cerveau. \u00c0 l'avenir, il sera peut-\u00eatre possible de r\u00e9duire le co\u00fbt et de mettre au point un moyen moins invasif de stimuler le cerveau.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/Ua3g8WFDnE8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regarder<\/a> Copeland utilise l'implant<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/pioneering-brain-implant-restores-paralysed-man-s-sense-of-touch-1.20804\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0Source<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Image en vedette Cr\u00e9dit : livescience<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A study being conducted by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh has shown incredible progress to restoring a sense of touch to paralyzed individuals. Whenever the nervous system gets damaged in the right place, a person loses the ability to control much of their bodies. The Nervous system is normally responsible for transmitting signals and &hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":12980,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.1 (Yoast SEO v27.1.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Brain Implant Helps to Restore a Paralyzed Man&#039;s Sense of Touch - AptGadget.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientist at the University of Pittsburgh have managed to restore a sense of touch to a paralyzed man through the use of a brain implant and a robotic arm.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/fr\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brain Implant Helps to Restore a Paralyzed Man&#039;s Sense of Touch\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scientist at the University of Pittsburgh have managed to restore a sense of touch to a paralyzed man through the use of a brain implant and a robotic arm.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/fr\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AptGadget.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-10-15T03:36:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-10-15T16:12:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/nathan-copeland-brain-implant-161013.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1434\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1031\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"David Waiganjo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"David Waiganjo\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"David Waiganjo\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ec7e21a4cf6046e2fde5030eae8fed14\"},\"headline\":\"Brain Implant Helps to Restore a Paralyzed Man&#8217;s Sense of Touch\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-10-15T03:36:45+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-10-15T16:12:42+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/\"},\"wordCount\":521,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/nathan-copeland-brain-implant-161013.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/\",\"name\":\"Brain Implant Helps to Restore a Paralyzed Man's Sense of Touch - 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